A water chiller is a device designed to remove heat from water for cooling purposes, typically using a vapor-compression or absorption refrigeration cycle. It consists of four main components: a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, and an expansion valve. Water chillers are categorized into air-cooled and water-cooled units, depending on how they expel the absorbed heat. Air-cooled chillers use ambient air to dissipate heat, while water-cooled chillers use a separate water source, such as a cooling tower. These systems are commonly employed in various applications, including HVAC systems for buildings, industrial processes, and medical equipment. Key specifications include cooling capacity (measured in tons or kW), flow rate, temperature range, energy efficiency, and control features.